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MathematicsMadrid 2026Question 5.2Free lesson

Piecewise function: continuous, differentiable and tangent line

Why continuity fixes b, why differentiability fixes a, and what you need to write a tangent line

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Problem statement

Let the function be

$$f(x)=\begin{cases}3x^2-\sin(ax)+b & \text{if } x<0\\[4pt] \dfrac{2e^x}{1+x^2} & \text{if } x\ge 0\end{cases}$$

a) (1 mark) Find the values of $a$ and $b$ so that the function is continuous and differentiable at $x = 0$.

b) (1 mark) Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of the function at the point with abscissa $x = 2$.

Source: Madrid university entrance exam (PAU, Spain) · 2025-2026 · Ordinary session · Mathematics · Question 5.2. Official exam set by the public universities of the Community of Madrid, to whom it belongs; translated from Spanish and reproduced with its source in order to explain it for teaching purposes.

What this lesson answers

  1. What are we asked, and what does each parameter do?
  2. Why does continuity fix b?
  3. Why does differentiability fix a?
  4. What would we see with other values?
  5. What do we need to write the tangent line?
  6. Another route and a check
  7. The answers and how to check them
  8. Common mistakes to avoid
  9. Exam tips
  10. If you want top marks

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